Non-IgG isotype has become an alternative to conventional IgG for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of tumors. Equipped with the world-leading antibody development platform and professional scientific staffs, Creative Biolabs is dedicated to developing and utilizing the non-IgG therapeutic antibodies (mainly IgM) as promising treatments for pancreas carcinoma. Currently, we are able to provide one-stop non-IgG development services extended from antibody production and purification to characterization and modification.
Brief Introduction of Pancreas Carcinoma
Pancreas carcinoma (PC) is a lethal malignancy that has been reported as the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths. The five-year relative survival rates are commonly below 10% due to the fact of a rather poor prognosis. Most patients have locally advanced or metastatic cancer at the time of definite diagnosis. Excepted for the inherited genetic factors contributing to 5-10% of PCs, the major risk factors include smoking, aging, diabetes, obesity, and chronic pancreatitis. The typical symptoms of PC are abdominal or back pain, weight loss, jaundice, nausea, loss of appetite, light stool color and diabetes. PC can be divided into endocrine cancer (islet cell carcinoma, neuroendocrine carcinoma, and carcinoid tumors) and exocrine cancer (pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and acinar).
The clinical diagnosis of PC mainly depends on symptoms, CT images, and tumor markers. Tumor antigens such as CA242, CA19-9, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), have been identified as effective biomarkers for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Moreover, monoclonal antibody-based immunotherapy has made great progress in the target treatment of PC, many of which are IgG isotypes and are still at different phases of preclinical research. Here, we note that non-IgG antibodies, mainly IgM and IgE antibodies, exhibit certain advantages in the treatment of PC compared with IgG antibody.
IgM Antibodies for Pancreas Carcinoma
IgM is an efficient activator that is a key factor in humoral immunity mechanisms, playing an important role in immunosurveillance against PC. The level of IgM was found to be significantly decreased in PC patients, which may be due to either increased consumption of immunoglobulins for the neutralization of tumor cells or defect in the level of immunoglobulin production by B cells. In addition, the lower levels of IgM are correlated with greater disease duration and/or greater disease activity. Stronger complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and higher efficiency of binding to tumor cells surface targets enable IgM antibodies to be a promising strategy for the treatment of diverse tumors, including PC.
Fig.1 IgM has several functions in the immune response, eliminating tumor cells when they begin to transform (natural IgM) and grow (adaptive IgM). (Díaz-Zaragoza, 2015)
IgE Antibodies for Pancreas Carcinoma
IgE has been shown recently to possess anti-viral and anti-cancer effects except for allergy and parasitic infections. It has been reported that serum levels of IgE and its low-affinity receptor, soluble CD23 (sCD23), are elevated significantly in patients with PC versus controls. In addition, IgE-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against PC cells is increased in patient serum when compared with healthy controls and the effects can be reversed by anti-IgE neutralizing antibody and IgE depletion (immunoaffinity). Therefore, IgE and sCD23 may be regarded as potential biomarkers for PC and may be important in the immune response to this disease in that IgE-directed therapy may help to direct treatment.
Fig.2 Overall structure and glycosylation of IgE. (Sutton, 2019)
Features of Our Services
- High reproducibility
- One-stop service with full customization to meet specific demands
- High-quality products with high yield and stronger affinity and effector functions
- High-cost performance
As an incontrovertible leader in antibodies research and development, Creative Biolabs has been recognized as the leader in terms of antibody services providing. After years of foundational effort, our scientific team now provides a series of high-quality non-IgG therapeutic antibodies products and services to our valued customers.
If you are interested in our services, please do not hesitate to contact us for more details or a quote.
References
- Díaz-Zaragoza, M.; et al. Natural and adaptive IgM antibodies in the recognition of tumor-associated antigens of breast cancer. Oncology reports. 2015, 34(3): 1106-1114.
- Sutton, B.J.; et al. IgE Antibodies: From Structure to Function and Clinical Translation. Antibodies. 2019, 8(1): 19.
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!! For Research Use Only. Our products and services are NOT intended for diagnostic or therapeutic applications.