Melanoma immunotherapy based on monoclonal antibodies has made attractive progress thanks to their high specificity of tumor-antigens. Non-IgG antibodies exhibit increasing potential in melanoma treatment in recent researches. With years of effort and powerful technology platform, Creative Biolabs now is capable to provide non-IgG antibodies services for melanoma target therapies to global customers.
Introduction to Melanoma
Melanoma, also known as malignant melanoma, is a class of cancer that develops from the uncontrolled proliferation of pigment-containing cells named as melanocytes. It is the most dangerous type of skin cancer. Melanomas most commonly occur on the legs in women and on the back in men. Sometimes it develops from a mole with alterations including increased size, changes in color, irregular edges, itching, or skin breakdown. Ultraviolet light (UV) exposure and family heredity are the primary causes of melanoma. Using sunscreen and avoiding UV light may prevent melanoma. The treatment for melanoma is typically removing by surgery when detected at the early stage without spread, if the spread has occurred, immunotherapy, biologic therapy, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy may improve survival time.
Currently, several cytokines and monoclonal antibodies have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for melanoma immunotherapies. IgGs are the most common antibodies that are widely used for melanoma treatment. For example, Ipilimumab, a type of IgG monoclonal antibody targeting cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4), was approved by the US FDA in 2011 for treatment of late-stage melanoma. In recent years, with the comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the function of non-IgG antibodies, scientists start to focus on exploring the efficacy of non-IgG antibodies on the treatment of melanoma.
Fig.1 Milestones in immunotherapy of melanoma. (Bhandaru, 2019)
IgM for Melanoma Treatment
IgM is the largest antibody among five major classes of immunoglobulin. It exists in monomeric, pentameric, and hexameric forms. IgM is the first antibody to be synthesized in response to an immunogenic antigen and the first antibody seen in ontogeny. IgM is also the only isotype other than IgG that can bind to and activate complement. Currently, increasing studies have revealed that IgM antibodies are effective strategies for the treatment of melanoma. For example, a human IgM monoclonal antibody L612 is produced by an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) transformed the human B-cell line. This IgM monoclonal antibody binds to ganglioside GM3 and kills GM3-positive human melanoma cells in the presence of complement. A hexamer-dominant human IgM targeting GM3 may provide a more effective treatment for GM3-positive melanoma patients. Furthermore, ganglioside antigens GM3, GD3, GM2, and GD2 in the surface of melanoma cells can induce specific IgM antibodies which can improve the survival of melanoma patients.
Non-IgG Antibody at Creative Biolabs
Having been attracted by the properties and strong anti-tumor effects, Creative Biolabs has been dedicated to the research and development of non-IgG therapeutic antibodies several years to provide more professional and comprehensive services for our clients. We are now proud to offer non-IgG antibodies products and services for the treatment of various tumors based on our well-constructed platforms. If you are interested in the non-IgG antibody, please don't hesitate to contact us for more information.
Reference
- Bhandaru, M.; and Rotte, A. Monoclonal Antibodies for the Treatment of Melanoma: Present and Future Strategies. Methods in Molecular Biology. 2019, 1904: 83-108. (book)
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