Creative Biolabs has accumulated extensive experience in offering a full range of antibody development service during the past decade. Currently, we have constructed a novel service system to provide high-quality and comprehensive non-IgG therapeutic antibodies services.
Introduction to Epithelial Carcinoma
Most human cancers arise from epithelial cells and tissues. Throughout the body, epithelial cells form a well-ordered sheet that is anchored to the basement membrane. They act as a barrier between the inside and outside of the body or comprise the glandular tissue of organs, such as the breast and prostate gland. Epithelial tissue has several distinct microscopic features including polarized morphology, specialized cell-cell contact, and attachment to the underlying basement membrane. All of these features are necessary for proper control of cell proliferation, survival, differentiation, and secretion. If this intact, well-ordered structure is disrupted, it can lead to the occurrence of epithelial tumors. There are many types of epithelial cancers according to the location of the tumors, among which breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and colon cancer are more common.
IgA Antibody for Epithelial Carcinoma Treatment
Compared with IgG, IgA antibodies may have the additional advantage of forming natural dimers that can improve tumor cell signaling and are actively transported into mucosal secretions to target certain cancers from the luminal surface. Generally, the binding receptor of dimeric IgA containing J chain is the polymeric Ig-receptor (pIgR), which is expressed on the basolateral membrane of epithelial cells. Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is expressed by solid tumors of epithelial origin like non-small-cell lung cancer, breast cancer or ovarium cancer. In comparison with IgG1 antibodies and their derivative, IgA1 antibody against EpCAM presented more effective in neutrophils recruitment to kill EpCAM-positive, solid tumor cells. Moreover, anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) recombinant IgA targeting on FcαRI also performed better in tumor cells elimination than that usually targeting FcγR.
IgM Antibody for Epithelial Carcinoma Treatment
IgM antibodies, physiologically representing the first line of the immune response to foreign antigens, have been shown to be a good option in the treatment of cancer. In particular, it was discovered that the majority of natural antibodies against cancer cells are IgMs, which are by the mechanism of binding to carbohydrates on post-translationally modified cell surface receptors of malignant cells and inducing apoptosis. In addition, the IgM produced by innate immunity is not only responsible for the recognition and elimination of microbial antigens but also for the removal of transformed epithelial cells. To date, plenty of tumor-reactive human IgM monoclonal antibodies have been isolated from cancer patients with epithelial tumors. Therefore, innate immunity and natural IgM antibodies play an important role in immunosurveillance mechanisms against epithelial tumors in humans.
IgE for Epithelial Carcinoma
In recent years, an increasing number of studies have been carried out to explore the important anti-tumor immunities of IgE antibody. IgE-based immunotherapeutic methods have been proved to be effective in both in vitro and in vivo models of cancer, indicating the potential use of IgE antibody in cancer. Mucin 1 (MUC-1) is a kind of tumor-associated antigen that tends to be up-regulation with a loss of polarity and modification of its glycosylation pattern on tumors arising from glandular epithelium such as mammary, colon, pancreatic carcinoma and so forth. The murine/human chimeric IgE mAb specific for the human epithelial antigen MUC-1 has been developed and demonstrated to inhibit tumor growth to some extent. In addition, human intestinal epithelial cells, particularly in patients with colon cancer or gastrointestinal inflammation, express functional high-affinity receptor FcεRI of IgE, which can mediate a cytotoxic T cell response and a anti-tumor immune response.
Fig.2 Anti-tumor effect of IgE antibody. (Platzer, 2015)
With the development of anti-tumor antibody research and over decade years of experience, Creative Biolabs has specially established a non-IgG antibody service platform. We are more than happy to assist global clients to attain their satisfied consequence in non-IgG therapeutic antibody project both in commercial and academic purposes.
Just feel free to contact us and tell us your detail requirement.
Reference
- Platzer, B.; et al. IgE/FcεRI-Mediated Antigen Cross-Presentation by Dendritic Cells Enhances Anti-Tumor Immune Responses. Cell Reports. 2015, 10(9): 1487-1495.
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