Production and Secretion of IgE
Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies are synthesized and secreted into the blood and tissues by B cells, and the regulation of their production and secretion is mediated by T cells. When specific allergens, such as pollen, mold, and dust mites, enter the body, the body's immune system stimulates T cells to produce and secrete the cytokines IL-4 and IL-13. These cytokines then stimulate B cells to differentiate into IgE-secreting cells, which produce and secrete large amounts of IgE antibodies that bind to the surface receptor on cells called FcεR, resulting in the formation of IgE/FcεR complexes. These complexes circulate in the body and deposit on the surface of tissue cells, such as mast cells and eosinophils. When the same allergen enters the body again and binds to specific IgE/FcεR complexes, it activates mast cells and eosinophils, causing them to release various biologically active substances such as histamine, leukotrienes, and platelet-activating factor, leading to local tissue inflammation and allergic reactions.In summary, the production and secretion of IgE antibodies involve the collaborative action of T cells, B cells, mast cells, eosinophils, and other various substances and cells. This process has important biological significance in the immune repair and allergic reactions of the body.
Fig.1 Production of IgE. (Corry, 1999)
Factors Affecting the Production and Secretion of IgE
1. Genetic factors: The production and secretion of IgE antibodies is closely related to the genetic background of the individual, and peoples with a familial high level of IgE are more likely to produce and secrete IgE antibodies. Family lineage surveys have shown that atopy is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait, but different members of the same family may suffer from different atopic disorders, and their ability to produce high levels of IgE antibodies may be related to certain specific loci in the major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC Class II).
2. Environmental factors: Environmental pollution, air quality, and season may stimulate the production of IgE antibodies. For example, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and particulate matter can irritate the respiratory tract and trigger an allergic reaction, thus triggering the production of IgE antibodies.
3. Inflammatory factors: Some inflammatory factors, such as bacterial, viral, fungal and other infections can induce B cells to secrete IgE antibodies.
4. Food allergens: Some ingredients in food, such as peanuts, shrimp, and dairy products, can trigger the body to have an allergic reaction to these foods, leading to increased IgE antibody production.
5. Drug factors: Certain drugs and chemicals, such as antibiotics, vaccines, alcohol, hormones, etc., may lead to excessive production of IgE antibodies in the human body, thereby affecting the production and secretion of IgE antibodies.
6. Immunoregulatory factors: Imbalance of immune regulation in the body and abnormal activation of immune cells such as T cells may also lead to massive secretion and production of IgE.
In general, IgE antibodies are associated with allergic reactions, parasitic diseases and skin allergies, and their production and secretion are influenced by a variety of factors. Creative Biolabs has assembled an experienced team of scientists who have been studying non-IgG antibody research for decades, dedicated to providing Therapeutic IgE Antibody Discovery solutions to clients worldwide. In addition, we can provide a full range of IgE antibodies from different species, such as rats, mice, humans, and goat for different applications. For more detailed information, please feel free to contact us or send us an inquiry.
Reference
- Corry, D., Kheradmand, F. Induction and regulation of the IgE response. Nature. 1999, 402: 18–23.
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