IgE-related autoimmune diseases have always been the focus of scientific researchers. As an expert in the field of IgE and related diseases, Creative Biolabs has the ability to provide basic research products and services to customers around the world.
Background of IgE
IgE is the last type of antibody discovered with the least amount. IgE signals through the high-affinity receptor FcεRI as well as the low-affinity receptor FcεRII. The main role of IgE on host defense is to trigger reactions to prevent parasites and the excretion of environmental substances. In recent years, with the advancement of technology, more and more new technologies for IgE detection and the appearance of protein expression libraries have greatly promoted the research of IgE autoantibody epidemic and antigen-specific diseases. IgE works through receptors on specific cells. After the receptor binds to IgE, subsequent cross-linking will lead to cell activation and the release of inflammatory mediators to further trigger advanced inflammation. Low-affinity receptors are related to IgE synthesis and antigen presentation.
IgE in Autoimmune Disorders
There is increasing evidence to demonstrate that IgE is responsible for the occurrence of autoimmunity. Research on autoimmunity mediated by IgE autoantibodies is still in infancy. Studies indicated that erythematosus (SLE), chronic urticaria (CU), and bullous pemphigoid (BP) are most related to IgE autoantibodies. Evidence that other diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), asthma, autoimmune uveitis, and autoimmune pancreatitis are associated with autoimmunity is accumulating.
Fig.1 Mechanisms linking IgE to autoimmunity. (Sanjuan, 2016)
Common IgE Related Diseases
- Atopic dermatitis (AD)
AD, also called atopic eczema, is a skin disease. In AD patients, many autoantigens can be detected, and IgE against themselves is very common. Some evidence suggests that IgE has a pathogenic effect on itself in AD. In addition, a significant association between AD patients' own IgE level and disease severity has been reported.
- IgE autoantibodies in SLE
SLE is a chronic disease in which autoreactive antibodies in the circulation follow the relapse and remission process. Most patients with SLE are seropositive for IgE autoantibodies. At least part of the elevated circulating IgE is self-reactive. The presence of IgE autoantibodies in the circulation and IgE deposits found in renal biopsy indicate that such autoantibodies are directly correlated to SLE nephritis.
- IgE autoantibodies in other disorders
Many reports have proven that IgE autoantibodies are present in several other autoimmune diseases, such as RA, multiple sclerosis and thyroiditis. The potential functional contribution of IgE autoantibodies to the pathological expression of these autoimmune diseases is still poorly understood.
Anti-IgE Treatment for Autoimmune Disorders
IgE is closely relevant to the pathogenesis of many autoimmune disorders. Therefore, the IgE-mediated immune pathway is a valuable target for intervention in autoimmune diseases. A recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody that binds to IgE has been approved for the therapy of allergic asthma and chronic spontaneous urticaria. Moreover, this monoclonal antibody has proven effective in the cure of allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, physical urticaria, mast cell disease, food allergies and other allergic diseases. The most important thing is that combining this monoclonal antibody with conventional allergen immunotherapy can improve the therapeutic effect.
Creative Biolabs is a recognized leader in the research of IgE and related diseases. If you have any problems with IgE and related diseases in your project, please contact us in time for communication.
Reference
- Sanjuan, M. A.; et al. Role of IgE in autoimmunity. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2016, 137 (6): 1651-1661.
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